Women in the Work Force Essay -- Working Conditions Third World Americ

Women in the Work indexWorking in a factory which is similar to living in a third valet region is difficult. Horrible, intolerable conditions haunt workers at home and in the working environment. Women lead tough lives because they are dictated orders, by men, in and out of the house. Many women piss families to support, so making little salaries is a strain on the family. The main issue with conditions in the work force is that counsel does non agree a clear understanding of what the women and the children working are going through. Working conditions in third world countries are similar to few working conditions in America. In third world countries, a woman in the family has expected roles as a wife and a mother. According to Stromquist, Roles append the scripts people adopt in their interaction with others (4). The mother of the family must keep everyone in order and on tack with their duties. There are women in the world who are never permitted to take off the h ouse (Louie 98). The mother of the house takes care of the children, takes care of her husband, and takes care of every last(predicate) of the folk chores. The woman does not usually have an outside role beyond the family. The man in the house will make sure this happens. In third world countries, the community has common expectations for all women. A woman should be portrayed as soft, sweet, affective, intuitive, obedient, and dependent (Stromquist 4). Women should show emotion and be overly motherly, which is opposite of the men. Women are assigned jobs such as caretakers, producers of goods, and services in the nonmonetarized household economy because they can use there motherly characteristics to help them with these jobs (Stromquist 4). These j... ...are enough to support a family. If managers could switch places with the workers there cleverness be a give understanding of what actions need to be fulfilled in making factories a better working place for women. T hen women workers would not have to suffer the mood they do and would not have to make their children suffer either. Work SitedBoal, Mark. American Sweatshops. Mother Jones 24.3 (2002) 1-2. Roesch Library, Dayton, Ohio. 21 Oct. 2002. Fredericks, Ilse. Moms employment to work in Sweatshops. sunshine Times (South Africa). (2002) 1-2. Louie, Miriam. Sweatshop Warriors. New York South End Press, 1990.Stromquist, Nelly P. Women in Third World Countries. New York Garland Publishing, Inc., 1997. Vaknin, Sam. Commentary The Self-Appointed Altruists. financial News. (2002) 1-4. Women in the Work Force Essay -- Working Conditions Third World AmericWomen in the Work ForceWorking in a factory which is similar to living in a third world country is difficult. Horrible, intolerable conditions haunt workers at home and in the working environment. Women lead tough lives because they are dictated orders, by men, in and out of the house. Many women have families to support, so making little salaries is a strain on the family. The main issue with conditions in the work force is that management does not have a clear understanding of what the women and the children working are going through. Working conditions in third world countries are similar to some working conditions in America. In third world countries, a woman in the family has expected roles as a wife and a mother. According to Stromquist, Roles provide the scripts people adopt in their interaction with others (4). The mother of the family must keep everyone in order and on tack with their duties. There are women in the world who are never permitted to leave the house (Louie 98). The mother of the house takes care of the children, takes care of her husband, and takes care of all of the household chores. The woman does not usually have an outside role beyond the family. The man in the house will make sure this happens. In third world countries, the community has common expectations for all women. A woman should be portrayed as soft, sweet, affective, intuitive, obedient, and dependent (Stromquist 4). Women should show emotion and be overly motherly, which is opposite of the men. Women are assigned jobs such as caretakers, producers of goods, and services in the nonmonetarized household economy because they can use there motherly characteristics to help them with these jobs (Stromquist 4). These j... ...are enough to support a family. If managers could switch places with the workers there might be a better understanding of what actions need to be fulfilled in making factories a better working place for women. Then women workers would not have to suffer the way they do and would not have to make their children suffer either. Work SitedBoal, Mark. American Sweatshops. Mother Jones 24.3 (2002) 1-2. Roesch Library, Dayton, Ohio. 21 Oct. 2002. Fredericks, Ilse. Moms battle to work in Sweatshops. Sunday Times (South Africa). (2 002) 1-2. Louie, Miriam. Sweatshop Warriors. New York South End Press, 1990.Stromquist, Nelly P. Women in Third World Countries. New York Garland Publishing, Inc., 1997. Vaknin, Sam. Commentary The Self-Appointed Altruists. Financial News. (2002) 1-4.

Images and Imagery in Macbeth Essay -- Macbeth essays

Imagery in Macbeth Darkness, disorder, mayhem, fear, guilt, and hypocrisy are all important themes carried passim William Shakespeares Macbeth by the effective use of imagery in reference to ill-fitting clothing, profligate, and light verses dark. Imagery in this play tiptoes its way though every depiction to create a malevolent atmosphere of shame and false pretenses. The contrast between light and dark during Macbeth clearly relates to the conflict between good and evil. Darkness is used throughout the play to create a desolate and disturbed atmosphere change with disarray. Darkness is always prominent during murders and tragic events. When Macbeth realizes that Malcolm is named heir in act 1, scene 4, by the king, Macbeth becomes enveloped in jealousy and says, Let not light see my black and deep desires (I.IV.57-58). He hopes that darkness will hide his deepest desires. When Macbeth and Lady Macbeth establish the murder of Duncan, Lady Macbeth calls on evil to wrap itself around her in a blanket of darkness so that she would not be suspected in the lines, Come, thick night, /And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell, (I.V.53-54). The morning after Duncan was murdered Scotland remained in darkness and obscurity. The events that involve immoral acts by characters are continuously make in the presence of darkness. Therefore, one can conclude that evil and death is demonstrated throughout Macbeth with the company of darkness. Light, conversely signifies all things good and sane during the play. at bottom the whole drama, the sun only seems to shine twice Act 1, scene 6, where Duncan and most other characters are sitting in a serene landing field in front of the castle, all are in high spiri... ...ich is intriguing to the readers in order to hold their attention and further their perception of the play. As well, blood imagery is successfully used to illustrate the strong character shift experienced by Macbeth from a brave soldier, to a murderer, to a man filled with self-induced guilt. Macbeth was given the title thane of Cawdor, and he was easily corrupted by the power. Works Cited and Consulted Bradley, A.C. Shakespearean Tragedy. Toronto Penguin Books Canada Ltd., 1991. Edwards, Terence. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Macbeth. recent Jersey Prentice-Hall Inc., 1977. Shakespeare, William. Tragedy of Macbeth . Ed. Barbara Mowat and Paul Warstine. New York Washington Press, 1992. Scott, Mark W. (Editor). Shakespeare for Students. Gale Research Inc. Detroit, Michigan. 1992

Mathematical Education: A comparison between Japan and America Essay

Mathematical Education A comparison between japan and AmericaThe mathematical education provided in the United States has proved to be inferior compared to that of other countries. Specifically the Japanese and other Asian educational systems allege more educated mathematics students than the United States. American children tend to score lower on standardized testing than Asian students do. Many studies have been do by research groups such as the National Center for Education Statistics of the U.S. Department of Education and the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement presentation the differences in teaching methods between the United States and Japan. The teaching styles and the cultural differences can account for the gap in performance.One of the most famous studies of its kind is called act Excellence, the Third International Mathematics and Science Study. This study was conducted in 1995. The Mathematical knowledge of half a million students from forty-one countries was tested. Of these countries, the test shows that American students performed infra average in mathematics. During the same research project, classrooms in America, Germany and Japan were television receivertaped and analyzed. (1)When the curriculums in various countries were reviewed, researchers consistently found that American teachers spend a small add up of time on many topics where as other countries focus on fewer topics with more depth of topic and more repetition. Another variation is that American teachers, for the most part, have received more formal education than Japanese teachers, but have less classroom training and experience. Japan has a a lot higher focus on teaching quality than the United States. Most of t... ...needed to solve the problem at hand. Japanese teachers provide their students with the knowledge they need and the aptitude to think so that they can apply this knowledge in various situations. For this reason, Japanese s tudents have been able to perform better in studies than American students can.Bibliography within Scoop a worthwhile international comparison. National Education Association of the United States. 1997. (website- address unknown) Ibid Understanding and Improving Classroom Mathematics Instruction an overview of the TIMSS video study. Phi Delta Kappa Inc. 1997. (website- address unknown) Ibid Steffe, Leslie, Nesher, Pearia, Cobb, Paul, Goldein, Gerald, Greer, Brian. Theories of Mathematical Learning. New Jersey Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1996. P. 6. Ibid, p. 6-7. Peer reviewed by Melissa Lenzi and Helen Hunt

Harry S. Truman :: essays research papers

Biography During his few weeks as Vice President, Harry S Truman scarcely saw President Roosevelt, and acquire no briefing on the development of the atomic bomb or the unfolding difficulties with Soviet Russia. Suddenly these and a host of other wartime problems became Trumans to solve when, on April 12, 1945, he became President. He told reporters, "I felt like the moon, the stars, and all the planets had fallen on me." Truman was born in Lamar, Missouri, in 1884. He grew up in Independence, and for 12 years prospered as a Missouri farmer. He went to France during World War I as a captain in the Field Artillery. Returning, he get married Elizabeth Virginia Wallace, and opened a haberdashery in Kansas City. Active in the Democratic Party, Truman was elected a judge of the Jackson County Court (an administrative position) in 1922. He became a Senator in 1934. During World War II he headed the Senate war investigating committee, checking into waste and corruption and saving perhaps as much as 15 billion dollars. As President, Truman made some of the most crucial decisions in history. Soon after V-E Day, the war against Japan had reached its final stage. An urgent plea to Japan to surrender was rejected. Truman, after consultations with his advisers, ordered atomic bombs dropped on cities devoted to war work. Two were Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japanese surrender quickly followed. In June 1945 Truman witnessed the signing of the let of the United Nations, hopefully established to preserve peace. Thus far, he had followed his predecessors policies, but he soon developed his own. He presented to Congress a 21-point program, proposing the expansion of brotherly Security, a full-employment program, a permanent Fair Employment Practices Act, and public housing and slum clearance. The program, Truman wrote, "symbolizes for me my assumption of the office of President in my own right." It became known as the Fair Deal. Dangers and crises marked the forei gn scene as Truman campaigned successfully in 1948. In foreign affairs he was already providing his most effective leadership. In 1947 as the Soviet Union pressured Turkey and, through guerrillas, threatened to take over Greece, he asked Congress to aid the two countries, enunciating the program that bears his name--the Truman Doctrine. The Marshall Plan, named for his depository of State, stimulated spectacular economic recovery in war-torn western Europe. When the Russians blockaded the western sectors of Berlin in 1948, Truman created a massive airlift to supply Berliners until the Russians approve down.

The Common Traits of Successful Websites Essay -- Sell Websites Buy We

The Common Traits of Successful WebsitesA website is a new way to communicate without direct soulfulnessal interaction. It is a place on the profit where one can post anything from individualised information to commercial advertising. The major advantage of websites is the fact that they are accessible to anyone in the world. The only restriction is that the person moldiness save a computer and a modem. From that point on, the options are immeasurable. One can read different personal homepages, visit commercial sites and do valuable research. All of these sites can be created by anyone who wishes to lead the time to learn the necessary computer language. The creator of any type of website must take into account certain important guidelines in order to create an effective and successful page.The most common type of website is a personal homepage. Homepages make it doable for an internet surfer to learn about someone s/he does not even know. It is almost an invitation to ones pers onal home without any direct personal contact. All homepages differ greatly in their content. However, they all must have specific, necessary facets in order to be successful websites.Firstly, and most importantly, a homepage must serve a purpose. Whether this purpose is to have fun, to display artwork, or to produce an on-line resume, is irrelevant, as long as the page serves a purpose. I have visited numerous websites, and they all serve some sort of function. Three specific pages to which I will refer are Jeff Seidens personal homepage, Emily Reiths personal page and Sarah Borchers homepage. These ternion pages are all examples which represent different college students. They are of different ages Jeff, a freshman Emily, a sophomore and Sarah, a s... ...commercial, must have are purpose, focus, coherence and links. Without these four necessary factors, it is nearly impossible to have a successful homepage. Works CitedBurgess, John. Glitch Reveals the Power of the Internet. _Th e Washington Post_ 31 Jan. 1994, WB17.Donlin, Dennis. Scaling New Media Mountains. _Advertising Age_ 27 March 1995 22.Dyer, Gillian. Advertising As Communication. New York Routledge, 1982.Holiday Inns, Inc. HomepageHotchkiss, George Burton, M.A. _An Outline of Advertising_. New York The Macmilan Company, 1933.Internet Ads The Debate Goes On. Advertising Age 2 May 1994 23.Rotzoll, Kim B., crowd E. Haefner, and Charles H. Sandage. _Advertising in Contemporary Society_. Cincinnati South-western Publishing Co., 1990.Web Sites Top List of Internet Advertisers. _Los Angeles Times_ 11 Dec. 1995, D3.

The Common Traits of Successful Websites Essay -- Sell Websites Buy We

The Common Traits of Successful WebsitesA website is a new way to communicate without direct individualal interaction. It is a place on the cyberspace where one can post anything from ad hominem information to commercial advertising. The major advantage of websites is the fact that they are accessible to anyone in the world. The only restriction is that the person mustiness arrive a computer and a modem. From that point on, the options are immeasurable. One can read different personal homepages, visit commercial sites and do valuable research. All of these sites can be created by anyone who wishes to shine the time to learn the necessary computer language. The creator of any type of website must take into account certain important guidelines in order to create an effective and successful page.The most common type of website is a personal homepage. Homepages make it realizable for an internet surfer to learn about someone s/he does not even know. It is almost an invitation to o nes personal home without any direct personal contact. All homepages differ greatly in their content. However, they all must have specific, necessary facets in order to be successful websites.Firstly, and most importantly, a homepage must serve a purpose. Whether this purpose is to have fun, to display artwork, or to produce an on-line resume, is irrelevant, as long as the page serves a purpose. I have visited numerous websites, and they all serve some sort of function. Three specific pages to which I will refer are Jeff Seidens personal homepage, Emily Reiths personal page and Sarah Borchers homepage. These ternion pages are all examples which represent different college students. They are of different ages Jeff, a freshman Emily, a sophomore and Sarah, a s... ...commercial, must have are purpose, focus, coherence and links. Without these four necessary factors, it is nearly impossible to have a successful homepage. Works CitedBurgess, John. Glitch Reveals the Power of the Inter net. _The Washington Post_ 31 Jan. 1994, WB17.Donlin, Dennis. Scaling New Media Mountains. _Advertising Age_ 27 March 1995 22.Dyer, Gillian. Advertising As Communication. New York Routledge, 1982.Holiday Inns, Inc. HomepageHotchkiss, George Burton, M.A. _An Outline of Advertising_. New York The Macmilan Company, 1933.Internet Ads The Debate Goes On. Advertising Age 2 May 1994 23.Rotzoll, Kim B., mob E. Haefner, and Charles H. Sandage. _Advertising in Contemporary Society_. Cincinnati South-western Publishing Co., 1990.Web Sites Top List of Internet Advertisers. _Los Angeles Times_ 11 Dec. 1995, D3.

The Culture Change After Wwi

They are no longer having the sense of patriotism, and a lot of them move aboard to taste the expatriate lifestyle. They are lost in this world, and they do non know what to do. The literatures at this time period really reflect the idea of being lost. The writers called themselves the lost propagation. The phrase was actually originated by the garage owner who repaired steins which was a famous writer at that time car. When a young mechanic failed to repair the car In a way satisfactory to Stein the owner had shouted at him, You are all a generation Purdue. Stein, In telling Hemingway the story added, ThatIs what you are. Thats what you all are All of you young passel who served In the war. You are a lost generation. The term became very popular after Hemingway public his novel the sun also rise. Like Hemingway state I was always embarrassed by the words sacred, glorious, and sacrifice.. I had seen vigour sacred, and the things that were glorious had no glory and he sacrific es were like the stockyards at Chicago if nothing was done with the meat except to bury it. His book the sun also rises reflect the idea of expatriates and create the sense of lost. The main characters are mostly utilize in heavily drinking.They work in the daytime, and drunk in the night time. They dont think about their future, or they dont know they do or do not have a future. There are a lot of famous writers belong to the lost generation Like F. Scott Fitzgerald, T. S Eliot, Gertrude Stein. In T. S Elites verse the waste land, he constantly reminded the readers that there Is no future on this land, and this land Is a abandon land. Similarly, F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote In his novel the side of paradise that this generation Grown up to find all Gods dead, all wars ought, and all faiths in man shaken. The war helped the rise of the black culture.The new Negro movement or the nowadays so called Harlem Renaissance was a black culture movement. It started at Harlem, a section of New York City which gathered one hundred and lambert thousand African American. African-American writers and artists gave voice here challenging the structures of American racial oppression, and show the potential of the black culture to the world. The movement was stared at the curiosity of WWW, and ended in the start of the great depression. WWW created a lot of Job prospect in the north, and his led to the migration of black people from the south which was cognise as the Great Migration.The black people gathered together at place like Harlem to form their own black community. After the war, soldiers return from the front, and competing stage business with the black people. Racial riots broke out in the north. The increase the Harlem renaissance. A lot of writers and artist saw this culture movement as a opportunity of uplifting the black culture, and gained more right to the African American. However, some writers and artists saw this movement was Just an expression of their native culture.

Marketing and Soft Drink Concentrate Essay

The injury Rasna is owned by Pioma Industries that introduced the concept of velvet Drink Concentrate (SDC), a segment that had been created and nurtured by the club in the Indian beverages Market. The blur was originally launched by the name of Jaffe in 1976 and securities industryed with the help of Voltas, but was renamed to Rasna in 1979. When the product did not do as well as it was expected, in 1983, the advertising was handed over to an advertising agency named Mudra Communications Ltd. Pioma Industries Limited is perhaps not a familiar name for the average Indian consumer. barely Piomas brand Rasna is rattling well known. In fact, the name Rasna is almost a generic name for dotty drink concentrates in Indian beverages commercialise. Rasnas extremely popular advertisements with the tagline I love you Rasna had become an integral part of the Indian advertising folklore. In March, 2002, Pioma announced a radical overhauling of its strategies for the Rasna Brand.This dev elopment was sort of unexpected, as the brand had been lying dormant since long. Rasna is the market leader in the 250 Crore Indian soft drink concentrate industry. The SDC industry is miniscule compared to the 5000 crore carbonated soft drink industry (CSD). The powdered soft drink concentrate industry is worth around 90 crore. During the 80s, Soft Drink Concentrate (SDC) was not a known concept. For the consumers, Soft Drinks were just the aerated drinks which could be purchased in bottles and were usually consumed outdoors. Rasna came, and changed the whole mind set.COMPETITORS IN THE securities industryAs the pioneers in Concentrated Soft Drink Industry in India, Rasna, never had to face any threatening from any of its competitors, be it a global player or a dainty local company. Powder concentrate occupy 85% of the total soft drinks concentrate market. Here, in this study, we are considering both Powder and Syrup CSD as rival for the Brand Rasna. Following are some of the c ompetitors who tried to make their mark in the 250 Crore Indian soft drink concentrate industry1. Tang- Kraft Foods.2. Sunfill- coca Cola.3. Fanta Fun Times- Coca Cola.4. Sugar gratuitous Dlite- Zydus Cadila.5. Kissan Mr Fruit- Hindustan Unilever.The journey of a brand is not al directions easy. The market is very dynamic and a brand needs to make a track of the changes in the market. Rasna had to face such challenges too. But it is the resurrection this brand has shown, through strategic market, in all instances that makes it contain out and lead the market.MARKET carry onRasna has always been recognised at large for Brand and Company. It ranks No.1 in the beverages category as Most Trusted Brand of India. It is listed among the top 15 brands in the surface area. It was awarded as the most preferred brand in the SDC category at the FMCG Most Preferred Awards 2003 and 2004 and Consumer World Award 2004. It has pioneered not only with its strong marketing strategies but also wi th its proper scaled scattering chain. Rasna has always concentrated on its marketing and brand building and has achieved an expertise in flavour technology. Its effectual management in proceeds and market environments has harnessed to bring to the global consumers, technologically sterling(prenominal) products in fruits, vegetables, beverages and confectioneries and to stand as the leader in graceful food industry.Rasna has adequate and in-depth knowledge and information on Market sizes and behaviours, Growth prospects, Project Viabilities, Government Policies, Finances etc. and access to more, enabling the company to reply fast to any proposal with suitable recommendation. It believes that t present is a huge and emerging market for Rasnas kind of product range, all over the world. Rasna is commensurate of managing global sized manufacturing set-ups working on the most advanced technologies to cater to the huge markets, locally and globally.Rasna has managed to dominate the colossal SDC market because of its messinessive International operations. ane of Rasnas biggest strength is its marketing and sales set-up, through which millions of customers worldwide is experiencing the flavour of satisfaction. It provides a strong and pro-active marketing support to its distributors and importers around the world- just so that their products stand out and apart on the shelves. Timely delivery schedules of its products anywhere in the world are what shed helped them to reach a strong position in the global market. Rasna has its offices in the following countries* USA and Canada* UK and Europe* Saudi Arabia* Russia* FijiThis strong chain of distribution to large number of countries within a stipulated period of eon has helped the brand gain a reputation in the market. It has also helped Rasna in creating enormous business relations all over the globe.The countries which imports Rasna products globally are as underIn recent years, the brand has had to face off challenges, though not from its direct competitors. International soft drink giants like Coca-Cola (Sunfill) and Kraft Foods (Tang) have introduced competitor products in the market. PepsiCo India too is gearing to launch a glucose-based ready-to-drink beverage under the Lehar brand that will be sold at price saddle of Rs.5 for a 200 ml stock-keeping unit. All of them have deep marketing pockets and standard products to lure customers away from Rasna.Even the profile of Rasnas target reference is changing. Kids today are a lot more aware, and their parents dont mind buying more expensive ready-to-drink products, which the MNCs have. But, true to its entrepreneurial spirit, Rasna is not near to give any ground to its rivals. Though some analysts feel that Rasna has been slow to react to the competition, Piruz Khambatta, Chairman, Rasna, still dismisses the challenge saying water is our only competition.According to the 2010 data, Rasna leads the SDC market. The market shares of R asna and all the competitors are as follows* Rasna- 97.2 %* Coca-Colas Sunfill 2%* Sugarfree Dlite- 0.2%* Kissan Mr Fruit- 0.1% and* Tang- 0.5%.COMPARTIVE STUDY ON 4 Ps SCALEThe Marketing MixHere in this study of the Brand Rasna, we are comparing the brand with its competitors visible(prenominal) in the market on the scale of the 4 Ps. The 4 Ps of the marketing alloy are1. Product.2. toll.3. Promotion.4. Place.Product Line of RasnaRasna began with 9 flavours in 1982, and added the 10th in the year 1987. The company was revamped in the year 2002. * In 2002, Rasna changed its look and came up with a saucy logo. * The tagline of the company was also changed and with a new tagline Relish a Gain, Rasna has tried a deep penetration in the rural and semi-urban market.The Price of Rasna Accessing all socio-economic classRasnas sole goal has been always to make profit with the volume sale. The pricing strategy has always been the tombstone of Rasnas success. It targeted the mass rather than the class. * Rasna has always made its products in such a way that it derriere be accessible to all socio-economic classes. * Its volume sale starts at as low as 1 popular in the name of 1 ka 2. * The added sugar product Rasna Frootplus starts from 2 and goes up to 105 for the family contract. * The box pack has a starting price of 10 which can make 12 glasses of drink and is known popularly as 10 ka 12. * The family box pack is available at 35 which is enough for 32 glasses of water. * Rasna has some skus which are very interesting for regular use. The air tight jar has diametrical pack size with price range starting from Rs.75.The company is constantly focussing on the rural market of India. So, accurate pricing is very important for the companys growth. For Rasna, accurate pricing has been the key growth driver. They understood that the Indian market is highly segmented. And reservation products targeting each segment has helped a lot.Whereas pricing has been the key gr owth factor for Rasna, the competitors have not been able to enjoy that benefit of pricing. Only Tang is available at a sachet of 2 which is again meant for making 1 glass of drink. Likewise, the other competitors cannot even come close to the pricing strategy of Rasna.Promotion Adding an Emotional TouchRasna has from its inception relied heavily on advertisement. The famous mass media campaign, I love you Rasna was one of Indias longest running TV ad. * The promotion of Rasna always highlighted a strong connection with its customers through brand association. * Rasna has always created a brand value by emotionally attaching the customer to their brand. * Focus of the promotion is always to promote the note of Rasna. * Rasna spends a lot on Research on the target audience, and promotes there products accordingly. * Rasna has used child characters in their advertising campaigns, and through them the company emphasised on the quality of products which was an effective way of promoti on.* Rasna has done a great deal to understand the pain of summer and to deliver a product which will ease the pain.This kind of unique and modern marketing ideas and campaigns made Rasna the monopoly in the Soft Drink Concentrate industry till the time the competitors entered the market. Even now, no brand has been able to beat the promotional campaigns of Rasna. Going by the set standards of Rasna, we can say that the competitors have spent very less time and money understanding the Indian market and the promotional activities that works in the India.Place Distribution Channel of RasnaThe distribution channel of Rasna follows 3 to 5 tier architecture. It follows the Super-Sub concept of distribution. The steps are as follows 1. first base the product produced in a factory which is strategically located to minimise the transportation cost.2. The packed product is sent to various company depots across the country to distribute and meet the respective market demand.3. From the comp any depot, the product is delivered to the different super stockists according to their previously placed order.4. Then the goods are sent to the wedge heel stockists or in some cases to the wholesale store.5. The secondary sale from the super stockist or the sub stockist is ensured by the constant monitoring by the company personal.Rasna follows different distribution channel model according to local market demand. But for every model the end goal of the company is to deliver a quality product to the end user. With a distribution channel consisting of 35 depots across the country and 1.8 million retail outlets Rasna is bound to be the leader. Among the competitors the only one that has a good and competitive network of distribution is Sunfill by Coca Cola, but still they are not able to compete as availability with retailers is not as widespread as Rasna.COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGEThe competitive advantages of Rasna are listed below* be the Pioneer in the market Rasna is well known and very much trusted in the Indian market. * Being in the market for a long time, Rasna knows the Indian savvy the best. * Having 7 state of the art production units across the country, the production is never disturbed for any reason. * Because of the widespread distribution network, it is more close to the public. * The marketing strategies used by the company are of transcendent standard. * Last but not the least, the pricing of the product, which is so low that it is affordable by the lowest segment of the pyramid also. The competitive advantages of Tang are* Being one of the largest brands of the world, Tang has the sustainability even if it is hit at the beginning. * Tang is available in variety of flavours based on local consumers preference. * Tang is strengthen with vitamins and minerals.* It is available as powdered and ready to drink bottles.* The powdered Tang is available at low cost.The Competitive advantages of Sunfill are* Being a brand owned by Coca Cola, the distr ibution cost is cheaper, so can offer the product at a low and competitive price. * The taste is superior compared to other competitive brands. * Setting up of a production unit close to the target customer segment will help in punter marketing. * The company can spend substantial amount on advertising and promotion.The Competitive advantages of Sugarfree Dlite are* It is a brand owned by a medical company, so people have trust in the product.* It contains no sugar, so it is healthier.* Has medicinal advantages.* Helps in controlling blood sugar level, at the same(p) time gives the pleasures of a soft drink.The Competitive advantages of Kissan Mr. fruit are* It is there in the market for a long time, so knows the customer taste and preferences.* Tastier than many of the competitor products.* Supply chain is quite strong as its a product owned by Hindustan Unilever.SUGGESTIONS FOR GAINING UPPER MARKET SHAREAs we conclude the study on the No.1 Soft Drink Concentrate in India, Rasna, I have the following suggestions to make so that the company can gain more market share and continue to be the leader of the industry Product- In terms of product, the following can be done1. afflict to minimise waste in production, so that the cost of production comes down further. 2. Venture into new products, like ready to drink bottled drinks. 3. Try producing sugar free products so that even a diabetic patient can enjoy the drinks. 4. Health drinks and energy drinks is another field where the company can venture into. 5. backswept integration is another option that can be suggested to minimise the cost of production.Price- the Company can be more price effective and in playing period can gain more market share if, 1. More products are offered in the lower price category. 2. Price be reduced for the larger sum of money cartons or bottles. 3. New and introductory products are sold for lesser price so that people are interested in trying the new things.Promotion- In terms of pr omotion, the company can follow the following suggestions 1. Use newer and cheaper modes of advertisement, like the social networking sites. 2. Spend more on Banners, posters, Hoardings.3. Stop the use of sportspersons and celebrities, as the same doesnt have a long standing effect on the general public. 4. Remove the time lag between the promotion and the availability of new products in the market.Place- Place plays a vital role in the success of a company or a brand. The following are my recommendations for improving the market share 1. Go to the newer potential places which have not been tapped earlier. 2. The untimely dispatch of goods from the depot to the super stockist needs to be taken care of as it may lead to cancellation of order bookings. 3. Unavailability of goods at certain periods needs to be taken care of with a proper distribution control. 4. Promotional events along with the distribution of brochures, stickers and leaflets should be done through sub-stockists and retailers which will help in increasing the brand value.___________________________________________________________ReferencesDuring the preparation of this project, help and references has been taken from many web sites and blogs and articles. They are mentioned here -Rasna Pvt Ltd. Official site.-Wikipedia-the free encyclopaedia-Puneet Tandon Blogs-Economic Times-Times of India Articles-4psbusinessand marketing.com

A Synopsis of the Movie The Graduate

A world with come to the fore rebels would be a world with no change. If precise groups didnt escape the status quo, life would essentially go on as if it were put on repeat. Nothing would ever change, and nothing new would ever be accomplished. And most importantly, there would be no distinguishing factors between any two generations. Generations are shaped by the exclusive social changes that transpire over a given up time period. Each generation desperately wants to set themselves apart by challenging the values and morals of the ones who came earlier them.They rebel against everything they were once taught in order to be independent and live a appy life. These rebellions have shaped American society for decades. Mike Nichols film, The Graduate, tells the point of a young mans rebellion against his family and against society. The story unfolds in the xix sixties during a time of a major cultural change. In The Graduate, gum benzoin Braddock consistently rebels against everyt hing he believes in, which doesnt stray far from the usual behavior of most youth in the nineteen sixties. mutiny is a recurring theme throughout Nichols film.The main character, Benjamin Braddock, had Just graduated college and had no definite plan for his uture endeavors. On the other hand, Benjamins overbearing parents practically had his life laid out for him. As soon as he returned home from graduating college they al vogues pestered him about attending graduate school. At the time, the thought of attending graduate school or starting a career stressed Benjamin out, and he admitted that he was nervous about his future. At his graduation party he told his generate that he wishes that his future could be different, but his father did not seem to care about Benjamins uncertainties.Therefore, he followed what most kids is age were doing in the sixties and rebelled against conformity. In the nineteen sixties the youth rebellion was in full swing. The youth wanted freedom from th e previous ways of the generation before them, so they began to rebel. The rebellion was massive because the current youth was comprised of the baby-boomer generation (Rebellion and Reaction). In fact it was so big that it gave the nineteen sixties the common nicknames of the rebellious decade and the period of turmoil (Bodroghkozy).The nineteen sixtys counterculture rebelled in assorted ways, but defying parental authorities was among the most popular. They wanted to ensure that their values and behaviors deviated from those of their parents. It was important to them that they made a new life for themselves that was for their own happiness and not for their parents happiness (Rebellion and Reaction). They were striving to make their futures different Just like Benjamin Braddock wanted his future to be. Parents were always trying to map out their childrens futures, but the rebellious youth of the nineteen sixties were all but willing to allow that to happen.Benjamin Braddock did ev erything he could to escape from his parents high expectations. They were constantly telling him what to do and when to do it. However, Benjamin continued to ignore their constant demands and did the exact opposite of what he was told. He rebelled because he wanted to make himself happy betore pleasing his parents He was not ready to s tart a career or turtner his education all he wanted to do was relax by his parents kitty and not worry about his future Just yet. The scene at his 21st birthday party finally allowed him to tune out the sound of his parents.He was given a scuba suit and was forced to test it out in front of everyone who was at his party. After he was forced into the pool, he found himself standing(a) still at the bottom. He was finally alone and was not able to hear any of the noise coming from above the water. The camera angle shifted and was now from the perspective of Benjamin. It showed him looking up out of the water at his parents shouting at him, but he was n ot able to comprehend any of the linguistic process being yelled at him. This was Just the start of his rebellion against his parents.The fact that he was underwater symbolized that Benjamin felt like his parents were drowning him in all of their expectations. He was suffocating and was finally able to be at peace at the bottom of the pool. The majority of the youth at this time was searching for peace, and the only way of obtaining it was to rebel against the conformity of their parents. They all felt like they were being drowned therefore they continued to rebel in ways that disgusted their parents and even disgraced society. The nineteen sixties was a time to experiment. The youth was trying so hard to change society and find a new identity for themselves.They did everything they could to stray out from what was considered normal. Drugs and sex played a major role in the youths rebellion against society, and it was definitely a culture shock. During this time period, casual sex became more pleasant and a majority of the youth participated in it. It became so popular that it earned the name free sex and everyone was made aware of it (Rebellion and Reaction). It was for the most part popular among the younger generation, but that didnt stop Benjamin Braddock from pursuing an older woman. He engaged himself in a long-term affair with one of his parents friends.In the commence he was very hesitant and nervous about the affair ut soon realized that it was the nineteen sixties and it was the start of the free love era. He became more comfortable with the affair as the movie went on. By committing adultery with Mrs. Robinson, Benjamin Braddock clearly destroyed all moral values of the generation that came before him. This kind of behavior was not acceptable for the previous generation but became a trend during his time. The counterculture strayed far away from the traditional values of their parents and this marked the fount of the sexual revolution (Primary Menu).It was one of the iggest societal changes during the sixties. The affair between Mrs. Robinson and Benjamin Braddock was a little different from what was actually acceptable in the nineteen sixties. Free sex was acceptable however, affairs were not. He soon realized that what he was doing was wrong and immediately put a stop to the affair. however though he ended the affair, it was still understandable as to why he got himself into that position in the first place. Benjamin Braddock was Just trying to fitting in with the rest of his generation in the sixties by rebelling against conformity.The sexual evolution was among the most rebellious acts of the nineteen sixties. The more Benjamin Braddocks parents pushed him, the more he rebelled. Not only did he rebel against going to graduate school and starting a career but he also had a scandalous long-term affair with one of his parents close friends. Both acts were done to rebel against the contormity ot his parents and agains t society . Instead of conforming to the high expectations of his parents and society, Benjamin Braddock took a different road to ensure his own happiness. He follows his own heart and defies the path that was mapped out for him.

Mobile Phone and Broadband Network

StarHub is Singapores fully-integrated info-communications company, offering a full range of information, communications and sport go for both consumer and corporate markets. StarHub operates a HSPA+ prompt network that delivers up to 42Mbps for downlink to complement its nationwide GSM network, and an LTE network that provides connection speeds of up to 75Mbps in key job areas. It also manages an island-wide HFC network that delivers multi-channel pay TV serve (including HDTV, internet TV and on-demand services) as well as ultra-high speed residential wideband services.StarHub operates an enormous meliorate lineage network that provides a wide range of selective information, voice and wholesale services. Over Singapores fibre-based Next Generation Nationwide broadband Network, StarHub offers a broad range of home and business broadband plans along with a host of advanced media-rich value-added services. Launched in 2000, StarHub has become one of Singapores most advanced( a) info-communications providers, and the pioneer in hubbing the ability to deliver unique integrated and converged services to all its customers.StarHub, listed on the main board of the Singapore Exchange since October 2004, is a dower stock of the Straits Times Index and the MSCI Singapore Free Index. Personal Solutions Mobile * Innovative price plans that include cost-saving features such as Free entranceway Local Calls, Per Second Billing, Flat Roaming Rates, All Day Flat Calling Rate, and Free IDD 018 Calls to 18 destinations * Green Pre-paid service * BlackBerry service, the worlds leading secure tuner email platform * Mobile broadband service delivered over StarHubs 4G and 3. G network * Mobile data service offers a price cap for data access packages, so customers can surf with peace-of-mind from the mobile phone * StarHub TV on Mobile service that streams pay TV channels including National geographical Channel and CNN over StarHubs advanced mobile broadband network * Ho me Zone, a 3G femtocell service which allows customers to make mobile calls at home through their broadband cable connection * International Roaming service to more than 230 destinations * StarHub is a member of the Conexus Mobile Alliance, which was formed to enhance members ompetitiveness in international roaming and corporate mobile services in their own counties and across Asia Pacific. It is now Asias largest alliance of mobile operators with a coverage footprint to over 350 million subscribers in more than 12 countries and regions pfingo pfingo (short for phone, firedom, Internet, on the go) is a VoIP service developed by StarHub. pfingo enables users to make and receive local and overseas calls from their computer or SIP-enabled mobile phones at low rates, regardless of the mobile or broadband network users are connected to.The pfingo account is put out and calls between pfingo users are also free. Other rich features that pfingo offers include SMS, fax, free lug email (Go ogle Mail, Yahoo Mail, or any POP3 email services), multi-headed chat (Yahoo Messenger, Google Chat, Windows Live Messenger, ICQ Chat), and foreign number services. For as little as S$2/month, pfingo users jazz the use of a 3-series Singapore phone number with free incoming calls. To find out more, visitwww. pfingo. com Wireless Broadband StarHub Wireless Broadband is for sale at Suntec Convention Centre and certain areas of Suntec Retail Mall, Singapore Expo, all The Coffee Bean Tea Leaf outlets, as well as selected areas in Changi Airport Terminals 1, 2 and 3 * StarHub customers enjoy free wireless broadband access at all StarHub hotspots in Singapore. In addition, they can get free access to emailprotected services through a Memorandum of Understanding reached between StarHub and QMax Communications. As a pioneer member of the Wireless Broadband Alliance, StarHub together with opposite member operators, has been driving the adoption of wireless broadband technologies and serv ices around the world by developing a common commercial, technical and marketing textile for wireless network interoperability. StarHub has enabled wireless broadband international roaming capabilities in Australia, Japan, Malaysia, UK, the USA and more. IDD StarHubs IDD offerings include the StarHub IDD 008 and 018 services, HomeConnect (pre-paid IDD card) and the StarHub International Calling Card (post-paid IDD card) * StarHubs post-paid and pre-paid mobile customers enjoy free IDD 018 calls to 18 selected destinations. Home Solutions Pay TV * StarHub is Singapores largest pay TV operator, offering a full suite of quality international channels of news, movies, entertainment, sports, music and education, and septette local free-to-air channels. StarHubs digital platform allows customers to enjoy interactive applications and advanced features. * Operates the Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTV) system which offers better quality service and a cause selection of channels for co rporate customers. * Offers Southeast Asias scratch line commercial High Definition Television (HDTV) service. Currently carries six HD Channels. * Offers Demand TV and Internet TV Residential Broadband * MaxOnline, StarHubs cable modem service is the first always-on, unlimited broadband Internet access plan launched in Singapore. Offers MaxInfinity fibre broadband service, offering transfer speeds of up to 1Gbps * Offers Anytime TV which allows customers to access StarHub TVs on-demand library of more than 6,500 TV shows and movies as well as 12 complimentary pay-TV channels. Residential vowelise * Digital Voice, a personal fixed line voice service that is delivered over StarHubs broadband network. * For a low monthly subscription fee, customers can enjoy beat out/incoming local calls for free. Online Value-added Services Online music portal * Email service * Content filtering service * Online storage service Business Solutions StarHub offers a host of services for businesses o f every size. We customise our solutions to meet our customers needs, and help them stay ahead of the competition. Our services include Business Voice IDD * StarHub IDD 008, StarHub IDD 018, domestic and international ISDN, business voice services, fixed number related services, and domestic toll-free services (1800 services) Data Services Ethernet Leased Line (ELL), Switched Ethernet (SWE), Super Direct Service (SDS), Domestic Leased locomote (DLC), International Ethernet Private Line (IEPL), International Private Leased Circuit (IPLC) IP/Internet Services * Business Broadband (ADSL and Enterprise Web), Business Internet (Internet Leased Line), IP Transit Service (Velocity and StarHub IP Exchange/SiX), Switched Ethernet IP Services (SWE), Internet Clean Pipe, Online Storage Business international Managed Services * Arcstar Global Managed Services, BT Global Managed Services StarHub Global Conferencing Services StarHub Global Conferencing Services International Wholesale Voice S ervices * Carriers around the world, as well as Service-Based and Facilities-Based Operators in Singapore, use StarHubs International Wholesale Voice service to help them reach the destinations they need via StarHubs established international interconnections. Logo The StarHub identity is an expression of our intention to be a proactively innovative company. We want to do things differently, to enhance customer choices for info-communications services and therefore, their quality of life.We recognise that the world in which we live in is changing rapidly, and in order to enable our customers to get the most out of life and their choice of communications services, StarHub will have to explore new horizons and broaden our perspective. Our visual identity is a positive expression of this goal. It recognises people as individuals and that everyone has the power to change for the better. It is confident, forward-looking and dynamic as expressed by the vibrant colours.The transition from sick to Green, emphasizes the transformation that we want to bring to peoples lives through innovative and integrated info-communications solutions. StarHubs corporate logo embodies the essence of a Chinese precept which when translated means green is derived from blue and green will become more brilliant than blue in short, the pupil shall surpass the teacher. Like the star visualized in its corporate identity, StarHub will adopt a dynamic and forward-looking stance, poised to transform the industry landscape and service mindset in a brand new way. Culture StarHub VisionTo be Singapores first choice for information, communications and entertainment services. StarHub Mission To provide every person, home and business in Singapore with world-class multimedia services and content StarHub Core Values ExCITe Excellence, Creativity, Integrity, Teamwork. 2010 Milestones November * Introduced Singapores first solar-powered mobile base lieu enabled vehicle. September * Introduced a br oad range of home and business broadband plans along with a host of advanced media-rich value-added services over Singapores fibre-based Next Generation Nationwide Broadband Network. July Adopted worlds first smartphone signalling solution to further enhance network performance and improve end-user smartphone experience. * Launched Singapores first full DRM-free unified music store. May * Made available Singapores first microSIM card to support compatible mobile devices. * Scored broadcast rights to the 2010 FIFA being Cup. March * Commenced HSPA+ network upgrade to support up to 42. 2Mbps on the downlink. January * Launched new mobile TV client to enhance TV viewing on smartphones. * Partnered sumptuous Village and launched Singapores first movie-ticketing service on television.

Research: Retailing and Online Shopping Essay

1.1 IntroductionAccording to Forouzan (2003), the Internet can be defined as a collaboration of much than hundreds of thousands of interconnected networks. More specifically, the Internet is a collection of local, regional and national computer networks that ar linked together to exchange information and distribute touch on tasks through common language and protocols. Interent obtain refers to any form of shopping that takes place via the Internet where electronic means are used to make purchases at virtual stores.1.2 Background of studyThe Internet in current from is primarily a source of communication, information and entertainment but increasingly the Internet is overly a vehicle for commercial transaction. With the development of technology, the characteristics of consumers are changing gradually. This new type of shopping mode has been called online shopping. Therefore, online shopping is one of the most important online activities in the current. The advent of online sho pping gave retailers one more way to classify consumer with similarities and provide apparent differences from earlier shoppers. Internet and World Wide Web have make it easier, simpler, cheaper and more accessible for businesses and consumers to interact and conduct commercial transaction electronically.This is practically the case when online shopping is compared to the traditional approach of visiting retail stores. Traditional retailers and brisk and potential direct marketers acknowledge that the Internet is increasingly used to facilitate online business transactions. The Internet has altered the nature of customer shopping behavior, personal-customer shopping relationships, has many advantages over traditional shopping relationships, has many advantages over traditional shopping delivery channels, and is a major threat to traditional retail store outlets.1.3 record of the ProblemThe statement of problem could be researched in this thesis as followed 1. What is the demograph ic profile of the respondents in terms ofa) Nameb) Sexc) National2. What are the factors that the influence customers online shopping.a) More impulsive in purchasesb) Convenience orientedc) Less price1.4 Significance of StudyOnline shopping has been a growing phenomenon around the world, peculiarly in countries where well-developed infrastructure exists for marketing activities over the Interent. The Internet has been developing for three decades eventually during the mid-nineties, the commercial use of the internet triggered high expectations in both executives and investors. Online shopping is broadly defined as an activity that includes finding online retailers and products, searching for product information, selecting payment options and communicating with other consumers and retailer as well as get products or services. Consumers today have many categories of shopping choice, they can choose one of category for themselves which is they like and suit for them. The significance of the research is to explore shipway in which people converse about and make meaning of online shopping and how this entices them to shop online in a China and Indonesia. I aim to investigate peoples motives for preferring to shopping online, as well as their reasons for doing so.1.5 Scope and Limitation of the StudyBecause the Internet is a fast-changing environment, and consumers attitudes and behavior will likewise change, it is with caution that factors influencing the preference to shopping online are identified among online shoppers. This research primarily examines consumer satisfaction, behavior and industry status. The outcome of this study is limited only to the data gathered from books and journals and from the primary data fathered from the result of the questionnaire survey conducted by the researcher. As the research was completed in a relatively short period of time other factors and variable are not considered. This might have an impact on the results of the stu dy.

Enlightenment Philosophers Essay

lavatory Locke (1632-1704)The British philosopher John Locke was especially kn take in for his liberal, anti-authoritarian hypothesis of the state-0, his empirical theory of friendship, his protagonism of religious toleration, and his theory of personal identity. In his own time, he was famous for arguing that the divine right of kings is stand outed neither by scripture nor by the use of reason. In developing his theory of our duty to obey the state, he attacked the idea that force farms right Starting from an initial state of record with no government, police or private property, we humanitys could discover by c areful reasoning that there are natural laws-1 which suggest that we have natural rights-2 to our own persons and to our own labor. Eventually we could discover that we should create a kindly contract-3 with others, and out of this contract emerges our policy-making obligations and the institution of private. This is how reasoning places limits on the proper use o f power by government authorities.Regarding epistemology-4, Locke disagreed with Descartes-5 rationalist theory that knowledge is whatsoever idea that seems clear and distinct to us. Instead, Locke claimed that knowledge is direct awareness of facts concerning the agreement or disparity among our ideas. By ideas, he meant mental objects, and by assuming that some of these mental objects represent non-mental objects he inferred that this is why we can have knowledge of a beingness external to our minds. Although we can know little for certain and must rely on probabilities-6, he believed it is our beau ideal-given obligation to obtain knowledge and not always to gather our beliefs by accepting the word of authorities-7 or common superstition. Ideally our beliefs should be held firmly or tentatively depending on whether the evidence is strong or weak.He praised the scientific reasoning of Boyle and Newton as exemplifying this careful formation of beliefs. He said that at birth our mind has no innate ideas it is blank, a tabula rasa. As our mind gains simple ideas from sensation, it forms complex ideas from these simple ideas by processes of combination, division, generalization and abstraction. Radical for his time, Locke asserted that in order to help children not develop toughened habits of thinking, they should be trained to base their beliefs on sound evidence, to learn how to collect this evidence, and to believe less strongly when the evidence is weaker.We all can have knowledge of God-8s hold upence by attending to the quality of the evidence available to us, primarily the evidence from miracles-9. Our moral obligations, says Locke, are divine commands-10. We can learn or so those obligations both by Gods revealing them to us and by our natural capacities to discover natural laws. He hoped to find a deductive system-11 of morals in analogy to our deductive system of truths of geometry. Regarding personal identity-12, Locke provided an original argument that our being the equivalent person from angiotensin converting enzyme time to another consists neither in our having the same soul nor the same body, merely rather the same consciousness.Thomas Hobbes (1588 -1679) Moral and Political PhilosophyThe English philosopher Thomas Hobbes is best known for his political thought, and deservedly so. His vision of the world is strikingly original and still relevant to contemporary politics. His main concern is the problem of social and political order how human beings can live together in peace and avoid the danger and fear of cultured conflict. He poses stark alternatives we should give our obedience to an unaccountable supreme (a person or group empowered to decide every social and political issue). Otherwise what awaits us is a state of temper that closely resembles civil war a situation of universal insecurity, where all have reason to fear violent death and where rewarding human cooperation is all but impossible. His ap proximately famous act as is Leviathan, a classic of English prose (1651 a slightly altered Latin edition appeared in 1668).Leviathan expands on the argument of De Cive, most(prenominal)ly in terms of its huge second half that deals with questions of religion. One controversy has dominated interpretations of Hobbes. Does he see human beings as purely self-interested or egoistic-13? Several passages support much(prenominal) a reading, leading some to think that his political conclusions can be avoided if we adopt a more realistic picture of human nature. However, most scholars now accept that Hobbes himself had a more more complex view of human motivation. A major theme below will be why the problems he poses cannot be avoided simply by taking a less selfish view of human nature.Hobbess moral thought is difficult to square away from his politics. On his view, what we ought to do depends greatly on the situation in which we find ourselves. Where political authority is lacking (as in his famous natural condition of mankind-14), our unplumbed right seems to be to save our skins, by whatever means we think fit. Where political authority exists, our duty seems to be quite straightforward to obey those in power. nevertheless we can usefully separate the ethics from the politics if we follow Hobbess own division. For him ethics is concerned with human nature, while political ism deals with what happens when human beings interact.Jean-Jacques Rousseau (17121778)Jean-Jacques Rousseau was one of the most influential thinkers during the Enlightenment in eighteenth century Europe. His first major philosophical work, A Discourse on the Sciences and Arts, was the gentle response to an essay contest conducted by the Academy of Dijon in 1750. In this work, Rousseau argues that the progression of the sciences and arts has ca utilise the corruption of virtue and morality. This discourse won Rousseau fame and recognition, and it laid much of the philosophical groundwork for a second, longer work, The Discourse on the Origin of Inequality. The second discourse did not win the Academys prize, but like the first, it was widely read and further solidified Rousseaus place as a significant intellectual figure. The central claim of the work is that human beings are basically good by nature, but were corrupted by the complex historical events that resulted in present day civil society.Rousseaus praise of nature is a theme that continues throughout his later flora as well, the most significant of which include his comprehensive work on the philosophy of breeding, the Emile, and his major work on political philosophy, The amicable iron out both published in 1762. These works caused great controversy in France and were immediately banned by capital of France authorities. Rousseau fled France and settled in Switzerland, but he continued to find difficulties with authorities and quarrel with friends. The end of Rousseaus life was marked in large embark o n by his growing paranoia and his continued attempts to justify his life and his work. This is especially evident in his later books, The Confessions, The Reveries of the Solitary Walker, and Rousseau Judge of Jean-Jacques. Rousseau greatly influenced Immanuel Kants work on ethics. His novel Julie or the New Heloise impacted the late eighteenth centurys Romantic Naturalism movement, and his political ideals were championed by leaders of the French Revolution.The Social Contract is, like the Discourse on Political Economy, a work that is more philosophically constructive than either of the first two Discourses. Furthermore, the language used in the first and second Discourses is crafted in such a way as to make them appealing to the public, whereas the tone of the Social Contract is not more or less as eloquent and romantic. Another more obvious difference is that the Social Contract was not nearly as well-received it was immediately banned by capital of France authorities. And alt hough the first two Discourses were, at the time of their publication, very popular, they are not philosophically systematic. The Social Contract, by contrast, is quite systematic and outlines how a government could exist in such a way that it protects the equality and character of its citizens. But although Rousseaus project is various in scope in the Social Contract than it was in the first two Discourses, it would be a mistake to say that there is no philosophical connection between them.For the earlier works dissertate the problems in civil society as well as the historical progression that has led to them. The Discourse on the Sciences and Arts claims that society has become such that no emphasis is put on the importance of virtue and morality. The Discourse on the Origin of Inequality traces the history of human beings from the pure state of nature through the institution of a specious social contract that results in present day civil society. The Social Contract does not de ny any of these criticisms. In fact, chapter one begins with one of Rousseaus most famous quotes, which echoes the claims of his earlier works Man was/is born free and everywhere he is in chains. (Social Contract, Vol. IV, p. 131). But unlike the first two Discourses, the Social Contract looks forward, and explores the potential for moving from the specious social contract to a legitimate one.Voltaire (1694-1778)Voltaire (real name Franois-Marie Arouet) (1694 1778) was a French philosopher and writer of the Age of Enlightenment-15. His intelligence, wit and style made him one of Frances greatest writers and philosophers, despite the controversy he attracted. He was an outspoken supporter of social reform (including the defense of civil liberties, freedom of religion and free trade), despite the strict censorship laws and harsh penalties of the period, and made use of his satirical works to point out Catholic dogma and the French institutions of his day. Along with John Locke-16, T homas Hobbes-17 and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, his works and ideas influenced important thinkers of both the American and French Revolutions. He was a prolific writer, and produced works in almost every literary form (plays, poetry, novels, essays, historical and scientific works, over 21,000 letters and over two thousand books and pamphlets).As his best-known work, Candideis a satirical examination on legion(predicate) themes like religion, philosophy, and government, written in the mordant wit and skepticism that Voltaire employs in so many of his works. Translated to numerous languages and able to the stage and screen, Voltaires opus continues to be widely read over two centuries later. Voltaire certainly gained enough real life experience to garner a cynical attitude towards established dogmatic institutions that repressed the individual during his lifetime. Why does so much evil exist, seeing that everything is formed by a God whom all theists are agreed in naming good? (Why? Phi losophical Dictionary, 1764). In his later years Voltaire championed the rights of victims of religious, cultural, and political persecution, sharing many of the same views as Jean Jacques Rousseau-18 (1712-1778)Charles- de Montesquieu (1689 1755)Montesquieu was a French-19 social commentator and political thinker-20 who lived during the Enlightenment-21. He is famous for his articulation of the theory of separation of powers-22, taken for granted in novel discussions of government-23 and implemented in many constitutions-24 throughout the world. Montesquieus most influential work divided French society into lead classes (or trias politica, a term he coined) the monarchy-25, the aristocracy-26, and the commons-27. Montesquieu saw two types of governmental power existing the sovereign-28 and the administrative. The administrative powers were the executive-29, the legislative-30, and the judicial-31. These should be separate from and dependent upon for each one other so that the in fluence of any one power would not be able to exceed that of the other two, either singly or in combination.This was a radical idea because it completely eliminated the three Estates-32 structure of the French Monarchy the clergy-33, the aristocracy, and the people at large represented by the Estates-General-34, thereby erasing the last vestige of a feudalistic-35 structure.Likewise, there were three main forms of government, each supported by a social principle monarchies-36 (free governments headed by a hereditary figure, e.g. king, queen, emperor), which rely on the principle of honor republics-37 (free governments headed by popularly take leaders), which rely on the principle of virtue and despotisms-38 (enslaved governments headed by dictators-39), which rely on fear. The free governments are dependent on fragile constitutional arrangements. Montesquieu devotes four chapters of The temperament of the Laws to a discussion of England, a contemporary free government, where liber ty was sustained by a balance of powers.Montesquieu worried that in France the intermediate powers (i.e., the nobility) which moderated the power of the prince were being eroded. These ideas of the control of power were often used in the thinking of Maximilien de Robespierre-40.Montesquieu was somewhat ahead of his time in advocating major reform of slavery in The tactile sensation of the Laws-41. As part of his advocacy he presented a satirical hypothetical list of arguments for slavery-42, which has been open to contextomy-43. However, like many of his generation, Montesquieu also held a number of views that might today be judged controversial. He firmly accepted the role of a hereditary aristocracy and the value of primogeniture-44, and while he endorsed the idea that a woman could head a state, he held that she could not be effective as the head of a family.Thomas Jefferson (1741-1826) Thomas Jefferson was born in Virginia in 1743 and died on July 4, 1826, t the same day as Jo hn-45 Adams, his life long associate and friend. Their e relationship illustrates the dichotomy that was Thomas Jefferson. He a was the author of the resoluteness of Independence, a Secretary of State, a an envoy to France, the third president of the United States, a founder of t the Democratic-Republican party, the anti-federalists party. Baron Charles de Montesquieus views on the separation of powers, and t the protection for the rights of the citizenry influenced Jefferson. He believed in the virtues of checks and balances in the formation of the national government, its secured rights and protection for the people. While his views of humanity were more idealistic than those of Madison, they were in agreement for different reasons, for controlling a strong central government.Jefferson, however, opted more for states rights as a means of protection for Americas citizen, an attitude that exemplified his anti-Federalist views. His political thinking was in some respects Newtonian, and he saw social systems as analogous to physical systems. Under this philosophy, love takes the place in the social world that gloominess does in the physical world, so that all people are naturally attracted to each other, and it is dependence that corrupts this attraction and results in political problems. Wood argues that, though the develop all men are created equal was a clich in the late 18th century, Jefferson took it further than most.Jefferson held that not only are all men created equal, but they remain equal throughout their lives, equally capable of this attractive love, and that it is their level of dependence that make them unequal in practice. Thus, removing all this corrupting dependence would make all men equal in practice. Thus, Jefferson idealized a future relatively devoid of dependence, in particular those caused by banking or royal influences. Jeffersons concepts of democracy were rooted in The Enlightenment-46. He envisioned democracy an expression of soci ety as a whole, calling for national self-determination, cultural uniformity, and based upon the education of the all the people. The emphasis on uniformity allowed no opportunity for a multiracial republic in which some groups were not fully assimilated into the identical republican valuesWilliam Blackstone (1723-1780)Blackstone was the great Eighteenth Century English legal scholar whose philosophy and writings were infused with Judeo-Christian principles. The Ten Commandments are at the heart of Blackstones philosophy. Blackstone taught that man is created by God and granted fundamental rights by God. Mans law must be based on Gods law. Our Founding Fathers referred to Blackstone more than to any other English or American authority. Blackstones great work, Commentaries on the Laws of England, was basic to the U. S. Constitution. This work has sold more copies in America than in England and was a basic textbook of Americas early lawyers. It was only in the mid-Twentieth Century th at American law, being re-written by the U. S. coercive Court, repudiated Blackstone. An attack on Blackstone is an attack on the U. S. Constitution and our nations Judeo-Christian foundations. Blackstones Commentaries draws on standard authorities from Bracton onward, especially Matthew Hales Analysis of the Law, but it is far more accessible.Book I, Rights of Persons, deals with government, church, corporations, and individuals Book II, Rights of Things, with property, especially land Book III, Private Wrongs, with torts and Book IV, Public Wrongs, with crime and punishment. An immediate triumphcontemporary readers included George III, Burke, Edmund-47, Charles James Fox, and legions of lawyers and laymenit went through eight British editions in his lifetime and fifteen more by 1854, as well as numerous abridgements. The standard legal textbook for a century, it helped establish law as a university subject. The first of many American editions appeared in 1771-72, and it was tran slated into French, German, Italian, Russian, and Spanish. Though outdated in some particulars, Blackstone remains widely read.Though systematic and thorough, Blackstone was conservative and provincial. He argued that the king could do no wrong, though he regarded parliament as native and endorsed the separation of powers. He was convinced of the superiority of English common law, though his knowledge of civil law was limited (what he knew came from Burlamaqui, Jean-Jacques-48, Grotius, Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat, Baron de-49, and Pufendorf). His constitutional theory drew upon John Locke and Montesquieu, but he was not an Enlightenment creature. He had numerous critics Priestley, Joseph-50 objected to his comments on religious dissenters and most famously, Bentham, Jeremy-51 denounced his views on the sovereignty of government, as did John Austin later. Other critics included Boswell, James-52, Gibbon, Edward-53, and Johnson, Samuel-54.

A Little About Me

Livelihood of the people often sung to go with the movement of workers such as the kalusan (Ivatan), soliranin (Tagalog rowing song) or the mambayu, a Kalinga rice-pounding song the verbal jousts/games like the duplo popular during wakes. Other folk songs are the drinking songs sung during carousals like the tagay (Cebuano and Waray) dirges and lamentations extolling the deeds of the stone-dead like the kanogon (Cebuano) or the Annako (Bontoc).A type of narrative song or kissa among the Tausug of Mindanao, the parang sabil, uses for its subject matter the exploits of historical and legendary heroes. It tells of a Muslim hero who seeks death at the hands of non-Muslims. The folk narratives, i. e. epics and folk tales are varied, exotic and magical. They explain how the world was created, how certain animals possess certain characteristics, why some places have waterfalls, volcanoes, mountains, flora or fauna and, in the case of legends, an explanation of the origins of things.Fables are about animals and these teach moral lessons. Our countrys epics are leaseed ethno-epics because unlike, say, Germanys Niebelunginlied, our epics are not national for they are histories of varied groups that consider themselves nations. The epics come in various names Guman (Subanon) Darangen (Maranao) Hudhud (Ifugao) and Ulahingan (Manobo). These epics revolve around supernatural events or heroic deeds and they embody or validate the beliefs and customs and ideals of a community.These are sung or chanted to the accompaniment of indigenous musical instruments and dancing performed during harvests, weddings or funerals by chanters. The chanters who were taught by their ancestors are considered treasures and/or repositories of wisdom in their communities. Examples of these epics are the Lam-ang (Ilocano) Hinilawod (Sulod) Kudaman (Palawan) Darangen (Maranao) Ulahingan (Livunganen-Arumanen Manobo) Mangovayt Buhong na Langit (The Maiden of the Buhong Sky from TuwaangManobo) Ag Tobi g neg Keboklagan (Subanon) and Tudbulol (Tboli).

Fact or fiction Essay

Overtime, tales of the most miniscule diachronic characters present been slowly distorted into tales of gigantic warriors and near perfect individuals. For instance, stories of Jesus Christ from the bible have always ca routined people to necessitate an image of purity and selflessness, however, newly disc everywhereed testa ments are beginning to pretend a love affair with a women, whom produced tykeren living descendants of Jesus Christ. This is just one of legion(predicate) an(prenominal) examples that have been continu totallyy mis even offed throughout history.Additionally, this raises questions as to whom are the real iconic figures that have molded our memoirs. One of the model Americans is Robert E. downwind, a timeless figure of American history that has widely been altered in various publications, however, what will remained unchanged is that Robert E. lee is the true symbol of southern Americanism of his time. BACKGROUND Son of Ann hill Carter, a wealthy successor of Scottish Royalty, and blight lee side, an attractive com bitder in the Revolutionary War, Robert Edward downwind was born in Virginias westmost more thanland County on January 19th, 1807.Ann Hill Carter married Harry lee and produced 5 children during their trade union while Harry was governor of Virginia. Throughout the course of their marriage, Harry began drowning the family in debt, therefore rendering Robert to issuance on as head of the household while his father remained unwilling to stop his overzealous disbursement habits and relentless affairs with other women. It is undoubted that Robert was the favorite of his mothers children, thus giving him the authority to hurl decisions as head of the household and care for his mother.As sometimes happens, the good son strove to be all that his father was not. When Anne was lonely he kept her company when she was sick he nursed her in his teens he helped manage the household. His father had been reckless and unfaithful (Epstein 23). After years of frivolous spending, thus spiraling the family into debt, Harry Lee fled the country and settled in the West Indies where he lived out the rest of his days. Nonetheless, Ann Carter continued to use the remainder of her bequest to support her children.Lacking the money needed to attend a university, Robert applied to West point and was granted admittance in 1829. Shortly thereafter, Lee also attended the U. S. Military honorary society and graduated with honors. Due to various scandals that surrounded Roberts family, much(prenominal) as his fathers abandonment and his ripened brother Henrys murderous scandal involving Henrys sister-in - virtue, whom he seduced and produced a child with thus giving him the nickname black horse, it was not easy for Robert to find a assort for himself.Nonetheless, Robert married Mary Anna Randolph Custis in 1831 and together they produced 7 children. From thereon, Lee earned recognition for his role as engineer in the con struction of the St. Louis Harbor, as well as his is prevailing legions operations in the Mexican War. As a Virginian aristocrat, Robert Lee was already accustomed to the ethics behind slavery, consequently, when his father-in-law, George Washington Custis became ill, Lee took leadership in the distribution of slaves to corresponding plantations.It was Lees understanding that slaves were the foundation of the south, in which many products of labor were necessary for financial survival. This stance was the drive in Robert Lees struggle to respect the south that he had become habituated to. Although the Lee-Custis families remained relatively respectful and kind to slave families throughout the years, during his leadership in the Civil War, his comportment turned from reverential to malicious. Elizabeth Brown Pryor states that Lee rented out so many turn over that the black community at Arlington was badly fragmented.The youngest and strongest were chosen to be hired forth becaus e they brought in the sterling(prenominal) revenue. Worst of all, Lee ruptured the Washington and Custis tradition of respecting slave families. By 1860 he had broken up every family but one on the estate (Nolan 24). In addition to this certification, there are get ahead of other attests to Lees brutal violence towards slaves as well. Although modern Lee patriots have highly scrutinized these testaments, they have been corroborated with consistent authentic eye witness accounts found in various writings.Nevertheless, Lee has been notable for his leadership during the Mexican War in as well as his achievements and calamities during the Civil War. Well educated, thus far incapable to produce a strategic victory, Lee is doubtless renowned for his defeat at Gettysburg. The cataclysm at Gettysburg highlights Lees chief shortcoming as a strategist, his lack of the political intellectin the strictest sense, a sagacity in working with men. Lee was so rigid in his idol worship to a h ierarchy that he held most of his generals at a distance, often keeping them in the black-market or ignoring their advice.Meanwhile he went groveling to Jefferson Davis and the Confederate government for guns, food, and uniformsas if he were scarcely magna cum laudewhen he should have demanded the essential materiel, without which his spends stood in peril (Epstein 23). After his forces command, Lee retreated patronize to his home in Virginia, where he died in 1870 at the age of 63. LITERATURE REVIEW Rationalizing realism versus faux characteristics of Robert Lee begins with previous analysis. Robert E. Lee was born in1807, thus leaving the impossibility of retrieving factual information from the first source.Consequently, interpretation of fact from fiction lies within previous texts and comparison of those texts against each other. some contemporary authors much(prenominal) as Carl Moneyhon report that In his foreword, the editor of this collection of articles justifies t his volume as an effort to break away from the paradigm of scholarship that has produced what he considers to be a stale rehashing of arguments over the merits of the generalship of Robert E. Lee. The core of the instructive problem, in Peter S.Carmichaels view, is the tendency of many recent studies to begin with assumptions based upon generalizations made over seventy years ago in Douglas Southall Freemans works, then to use Freemans own evidence to challenge his conclusions Carmichael suggests that a new scholarship might emerge if scholars return to main(a) Lee-related manuscript sources. The six articles that follow are unified by that effort, beginning with the contemporary Lee sooner a than the Lee created by Freeman (777). Moneyhons elucidation of other authors works divulge the bias between authors, most of which erratically render Lee as the patron saint of the south.Many publications regarding Lee have rendered him as somewhat mythological, while others have painted h im as a flunk general, one whom orchestrated many mis fool aways. According to Alan T. Nolan, There is little need to belabor the fact of Lees heroic, almost superhuman, national stature, which has steadily enlarged since the war years. Writing in 1868, Fanny Dowling expound Lee as bathed in the white light which falls directly upon him from the smile of an approving and sustaining perfection (4-5). Many Lee loyalist have portrayed him as a god-like creature, attaining purity and perfection, however, others deemed him anything but.Regarding the issue of slavery, disdain its unethical perspective, as a Virginian aristocrat, Lee was accustomed to slavery for all of his life, however, considering his reverential conduct towards slaves forward the war, it is alarming that Lees behavior took such an impulsive change during and after the war. For instance, despite praises of verity and kindness in respect to slaves under Lees orders since his attainment of George Washington Custiss estate, narratives of savage lashings and slave separation from their families are mottled through historical accounts of Lees alleged generosity and empathy.Epstein states that Because the Custis will entailed that land should be sold to pay debts and legacies, and did not state that such obligations should take precedence over freeing the slaves, Lees conduct is disturbing. Even more chilling is the 1859 testimony of one Wesley Norris, a slave who ran away from Arlington with his sister Mary to Westminster, Maryland. They were caught and imprisoned, and returned in chains. When Lee asked why they had travel away, Norris said that they believed they were free.Lee replied that he would teach us a lesson we would never forget. Leading them to the barn, he gave orders to his overseer McQuinn to strip the slaves to the waists, tie them to posts, and apply fifty lashes to the man and twenty to the girl. When McQuinn refused to take up the lash, Dick Williams, a county constable was called in, who gave us the number of lashes legitimate Lee, in the meantime, stood by, and frequently enjoined Williams to lay it on well. When Williams was done, Lee ordered the overseer to wash the bleeding slaves with brine (24).Many Lee scholars do not like to explore the possibility that Lee was cruel towards slaves as this attribute disrupts the harmony of assimilated perfection of Lees character, however, these accounts of vindictiveness reassure Lees less god-like capabilities. Additionally, in with regard to military expertise, Lee scholars are separate as well on this issue concluding that most of Lees military charge is focused around the failure of Civil War expeditions, while others concur that Lee exerted the symbol of a genuine confederate liberator.It is undisputed that Lee was very well educated and skilled in military delegations, however, most of Lees military career is focused around the failure of thus overshadowing the more positive aspects of his militar y career. In the mesh of Gettysburg, Lee was very careless thus ruining the lives of the men in his regime. Ballard states that Lee could have and should have won (948). Lee carelessly destroyed his regime during the Battle of Gettysburg, by not waiting for incoming supplies that were to be given to his regimes depleted arsenal.His soldiers were voracious and malnutrition and did not have the proper weaponry for combat, thus presenting an easy victory for the union. (Adams 66). Moreover, despite how conflicting accounts represent Lee, most scholars such as Gallagher agree that In a conflict often characterized, whether accurately or not, as the first corking modern war, the Confederate commander frequently appears as a soldier of considerable martial gifts who harkened back to an earlier time.Lee is cast as a man who feeling of the struggle in terms of protecting his own state rather advancing the cause of the entire Confederacy, forged a personal bond with his soldiers reminisc ent of feudal relationships, focused on winning set-piece battles without taking in the broader political and social landscape of a modern war, and failed to understood the implications of new weaponry such as the rifle-musket (295). Most importantly is to include the feelings of others that admired Lee from enemy lines as those of the North.Although commonly, enemies do not sing the praises of each other, this is not the case in those towards Lee. In fact, many northerners admired lee for a number of reasons as is told as such He possessed every virtue of other great commanders without their vices. He was a foe without hate a friend without treachery a soldier without harshness a victor without oppression and a victim without murmuring. He was a public officer without vices a private citizen without wrong a neighbor without reproach a Christian without hypocrisy and a man without guile.He was a Caesar without his ambition Frederick without his tyranny Napoleon without his selfish ness and Washington without his reward. He was obedient to authority as a servant, and royal in authority as a true king. He was gentle as a woman in life modest and pure as a virgin in thought watchful as a Roman vestal in duty submissive to law as Socrates and grand in battle as Achilles (Warrior and Gentlemans Gentleman 39). Although this excerpt seems a little over dramatized, it does reflect Lees impinge on realistic people versus as well inflated scholarly accounts, thus rendering Lee as a true individual of his time. finishing In conclusion, Robert Edward Lee, born in 1807 to Ann Hill Carter, wealthy Scottish heiress, and Harry Lee, the former Virginia Governor. Whilst his family endured many snarly episodes, including financial hardships despite their mothers dwindled fortune due to his fathers erratic spending habits, and his brothers Henrys alleged murder of his illegitimate child, Lee prevailed in most of his endeavors, including his role in the Mexican War. However, su re evidence exhibits the differentiating portrayals of world(a) Robert Edward Lee.Many scholars initiate depictions of a true southern liberator to maintain the south as it was during the early 1800s, whilst others disagree as to the true characteristics of Lee as much less than pure and holy. Nonetheless, both(prenominal) portions of testaments enable the true disposition of Robert Lee as he was. For instance, as a Victorian aristocrat, Lee understood the ethics of labor that slavery entailed, however, Lees attitude changed throughout the course of the war. kinda of maintaining the healthy relationships between slaves and Lee, he separated the families and also assisted in harsh beating of slaves, thus severing the once tight-knit relationship between the two. Also, in terms of Lees military endeavors, Lee was skilled, however, mostly off-the-cuff for his battles in the Civil War. For example, in the Battle of Gettysburg, Lee was strategically unprepared for the battle, conseque ntly costing the confederate army its most important mission.However, this did not deterred Lee from admitting his faults for his role in losing the battle, which shoes humility for his wins and losses. Finally after many interpretations of literary works, the true formation of Robert E. Lee is quite clear. A Victorian aristocrat he was, accustomed to the south as it was and its dependence on slavery, he maintained humility, strength, and most of all, leadership. Lee was not pure, nor holy, however, he was a man of God, family, and campaign for the southern beliefs, and he preserved those relationships simultaneously.WORKS CITED Adams, Michael C. C. Review Essay Robert E. Lee and Perspective over Time. Civil War History. 49 (2003) 64-70. Ballard, Michael B. Robert E. Lee Icon for a Nation. Journal of Southern History. 76 (2006) 947-949. Epstein, Daniel M. Who Cares about Robert E. Lee. New Criterion Sept. 2007 22+. Gallagher, Gary W. An Old-Fashioned Soldier in a Modern War Rober t E. Lee as Confederate General. Civil War History. 45(1999) 295. Lee, Robert E. Recollections and Letters of General Robert E. Lee .Westminster, 1904. Moneyhon, Carl H. Audacity Personified The Generalship of Robert E. Lee The Historian. 67 (2005) 777-780. Nolan, Alan T. Lee Considered General Robert E. Lee and Civil War History. North Carolina North Carolina Press, 1991. Robert E. Lee. UXL Newsmakers. (2005) Find Articles. 28 Feb. 2008 . Warrior and Gentlemans Gentleman Despite Being a Battle-Hardened General, Robert E. Lee Never Lost His Most Admirable mark His Devotion to God, Friends, Duty, and Honor. The New American. 23 July 2007 33- 39.

Parental Control

P atomic number 18nting during boorhood is around nurturing and taking care of the nippers simple needs. The prove is the one in complete function, when the claw becomes an teenage they need a feeling of their own independence. The goal is for the adolescent to gradually be treated as an adult individual with an equal balance of power between parent and tiddler(). When a child becomes an adolescent their needs grow to fit their new maturity and environment. They have social developed, in which their mental needs come into play, competence, relatedness, and autonomy (Kakihara & Tilton-Weaver, 2009).To grow these needs, parent control has to be open and supportive of the adolescent. The authoritarian parent demands for perfection and is unresponsive to the childs needs. The child may feel neglected and unconnected from their parent. They may also feel overly pressured to meet the high standards set by the authoritarian parent. bailable parents are the opposite, as in they have very low standards for achievement and have no rules for order. The parent locomotes in a laissez-faire manor, in which they allow the child to do as they please, without any matter or praise for their actions.Typically, children raised by permissive parents fail to mature into adolescence and tend to lack prize for the rules of society (Fite, Stoppelbein, & Greening, 2009). Ultimately, passive parents become more liberal parents resulting from the continual defiance and rebellion that their adolescent children gestate towards their parenting efforts (Keijsers, Frijins, Branje, & Meeus, 2009). The goal is to be a combination of authoritarian and permissive, which is referred to as an definitive parent.The authoritative parent is extremely supportive, and takes time to explain to the child why they may have been punished for their actions (Fite, Stoppelbein & Greening, 2009). In addition to the authoritarian, authoritative and permissive styles of parenting, each parent al so has a particular style of parental control. The two main(prenominal) styles of parental control are behavioral and psychological. The authoritarian parent favors controlling the adolescents behavior by cathode-ray oscilloscope limits, enforcing rules, in an overbearing way.The other type of control, psychological, is the parent using feelings and emotions to control them without the adolescent realizing. (Keijers, Frijns, Branje, Meeus, 2009). In an act to prevent adolescents from delinquency and following the wrong crowd parents try to seek information from the child without do them feel belittled. For delinquency to be prevented, parent involvement must be present, as well as the adolescents willingness to listen.When parents fail to react as a supportive parent, they run the risk of their child reacting in a reckless and careless manor. In a study done by Keijsers, Frijins, Branje, and Meeus (2009), far-famed that adolescent delinquent activities were stronger in families with high levels of parental support. A significant part of raising an adolescent is trusting the child to confide in them (2009). The way parents track their child at the age of adolescents depends a great deal on the amount of information in which the child discloses.The adolescent has greater control of what they are willing to admit, and the relevancy of it. Parents are often unaware of their childs social vitality and after school activities. The less the child is willing to share the more the parent may be forced to believe theyve been engaging in delinquent activities. In the case that this is true, perhaps the child is fearsome of disclosing disappointing information. Peer influence plays a major role in the adolescents development. ofttimes of their time is spent with friends during this time of development.Whether or not the parent takes part in controlling who they participator with and what they do depends on the supervision*. The relationships adolescents create are the people they will spend a absolute majority of their time with. These are the friends that will theyll want to impress, feel accepted by, and eventually become their most powerful source of approval (Trucco, Colder, & Wieczorek, 2011). Children linked to a misbehaving group that have trouble following authority are more likely to be the child of a laissez-faire parent.The laissez-faire parent gives their child no means of rules or discipline, so when the child is put in a school like environment theyll have no respect for the rules or consequences (Trucco, Colder, & Wieczorek, 2011). However, parents who dont approve of their childs relationships should frontmost get to know their friends before making judgments. Adolescents hold their friendships very highly, a parent forbidding the child to see their friend may result in backlash of problem behaviors (Kakihara & Tilton-Weaver, 2009). Withhold info References

Costco Wholesale in 2012 Essay

Costco is one of linked States largest retailers, serving oer 3600 variants of convenience proceedss at excellent quality with competent prices. Founded in 1983, Costco quickly spread out in its operations to over 598 stores worldwide. One of the unique make doing propositions of Costco is the fact that they offer very first base prices as compargond to their competitors without requiring to compromise quality. This paper allow for analyze Costcos hear success factors in equipment casualty of its strategic trouble.Business ModelCostcos business model is simple and straightforward they offer high gear quality products at affordable rates. The centerpiece of Costcos model entails high sales volume and rapid inventory turnover. Costco enjoys high inventory turnover which means that they dont need to stock a particular skillful for long period of time. Also, before they need to pay the suppliers, they are able to sell it. Which means, they are able to pay suppliers with the c ash derived from sales, leading to low functional capital. This shows signifi jakesce in monetary health and good monetary management. This kind of business model is appealing for several reasons low prices female genitalia generate high number of customers, indicates healthy operations, encourage rapid turnover, decrease warehouse costs and umteen more. However, in order to keep up with this business model, Costco needs to continually maintain overhead costs, which will be discussed further into the paper.StrategyCostcos low pricing strategy highly depends upon several factors. In terms of pricing, they offer bargain products at low prices. Their earnings highly come from rank fees, over which members can join in an annual subscription and enjoy promotional rates as members. Even though Costco enjoys less profit margins, they have high number of annual members and earn their profit by membership revenues. In terms of product, their Kirkland Signature is also of good quality a s a representation of their brand. They are also ready to experience loss of sales by customers who do not want to purchase in larger quantities. Treasure-hunt merchandising is also a smartmethod to continually renew their product lines to encourage members to purchase the item right away in fear of not having them available at the next visit.Jim Sinegal and Core Values as CEOJim Sinegal shows good examples of leadership as a CEO. He conducts an open-door policy which makes him accessible to staff, thereby increasing employee motivation. Jim also conducts regular store visits as opposed to working at a desk, which shows his willingness to step down to the field to help improve the store. The business environment is make to be causal and unpretentious, so employees feel sense of belonging and are often committed to the organization, in benefit of themselves and the company. Low employee turnover shows the compatibility of the employees and the company, which means that the corporate culture can be maintained or enhanced.Financial PerspectiveWe have come to understand that Costco achieves much of their revenue from membership renewals. Observing the financial data, we see that Costcos membership fees if four times over from 2000 up to 2011. This signifies their proficiency in making member packages attractive. Their actions in prioritizing members have been successful as we see that members are continually signing up. Therefore, membership is encouraged to be sustained. However, we see that sales also increase significantly over the years, almost 3 times over. Therefore, we can conclude that despite having less securities industrying activities, Costco is able to attract customers by emphasizing on price efficiency. Their working capital ration (current assets minus current liabilities) is kept at a low level due to high inventory turnover.Competitive Advantage over CompetitorsA key competitive advantage owned by Costco over its competitors is, without a doub t, their low prices. Although they do not set up much in store layout, store ambiance, labor and marketing, they have low overhead costs which contri stilles to be able to keep prices low. Also, they offer a wide array of product categories from food products to gasoline, although within a product category, they offer less brands than usual retailers (Llopis, 2011).Strategic Weaknesses in Comparison to CompetitorsThe fact that Costco carries only 3600 selections of merchandises could potentially be a major flaw in their strategy. Generally, other stores carry over 10.000 selections. Customers may initially feel the thrill of shopping at cheap prices at Costco but could eventually dislike the overleap of choices in terms of brands and may choose to shop at stores with larger varieties. Secondly, Costco dribble less for advertisements and verify on word-of-mouth and certain campaigns. However, their competitors, Sams Club and BJs Wholesale Club spend much more on advertisements. Presently, Costcos financial conditions show steady results in sales but the power of marketing is such that customers may choose to shop elsewhere for various reasons. It is also alpha to note that customers switching costs (from Costco to another) is relatively low.Compensations PoliciesCostco offers attractive compensations as compared to their competitors. The employee benefits covers all aspects such as better wages, health benefits, medicinal discounts, eligibility for company profits, counseling services and many more. At a quick glance, we presentment that Costco spends much on compensation, despite the comparatively lower amount of labor, due to the vast varieties of compensations.In my opinion, it shows good corporate culture to take care of employees. In most companies, CEOs are the first ones to be rewarded with enthusiastically numbers. It is different in the case with Costco, where CEOs are paid enough without failing to reward employees appropriately.Conclusions an d RecommendationsAlthough from a management and operation point of view, Costco is doing everything to a tee, there are several recommendations provided to further improve its performance plus product lines to above 3600 in order to compete in terms of product choice with their competitors, especially after understanding that customers switching costs are low. Costco already has a big advantage in terms of prices and can do wonders when they also holdproduct advantage. Prepare some funds for marketing. branding and brand awareness are two of the most important factors for warehouses to remain sustainable in the market to be seen as reliant. With more marketing, Costco can retain top-of-mind positioning as the place to shop in customers mindsets. Maintain membership fees at a fair rate. Currently, Costcos membership fees are higher compared to their competitors. They can maintain their fees at this level only if they can provide more attractive member benefits to their customers com pared to their competitors. annexLlopis, G. (2011, January 31). The Costco Factor To Win The Business Game, You Need to Change How You Think. Retrieved February 20, 2015, from Forbes http//www.forbes.com/sites/glennllopis/2011/01/31/the-costco-factor-to-win-the-business-game-you-need-to-change-how-you-think/